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Sewing Machine - The program begins with a history of early machines - how they evolved. An excellent demo shows the needle and how it works - shown using rope, a huge model needle, sewing two sheets of polystyrene together (See pic - still from video). It explains simple stitches. Shows how the arm, tension, and action works using lever and crank. Nice animation of action. The development of the Singer Sewing machine is shown - archive. Quick history of home sewing. How hand power evolved to treadle, then electric. The use of cams and discs to produce fancy stitches is demonstrated. Finally, microprocessor control. Refrigerator - The program starts with early machines such as the earthenware cooler. Then demonstrates cooling effect of CO2 gas expanding. Archive of early century natural ice industry - ice boxes. Australian invents first true fridge. Commercial ice production using ammonia fridges shown. In 1935 first domestic fridge. TV advertising archive. Light inside demo. Model demonstrates expansion & contraction. Fluorocarbon used as refrigerant. What is inside electric motor & compressor. How it works (See pic - still from compressor animation). Use of compressed air demo. Thermostat to control temperature. Fridge cut in half shows insulation in walls. Early fridge box strength - demo. Use of magnetic seal today on doors. Central Heating - Hunkin begins by trying to make fire with two sticks. Cartoon shows the early problems of burning wood inside a room. Ideas included heated walls. Demo shows the use of a chimney and how it draws smoke up. Use of steam to heat conservatories in 18th century is shown. Steam and scale problems in pipes is explained. Lifesize model of house system - demonstration. Joining copper pipes illustrated. Efficiency of heat conversion - wood fired boiler. Oil fired boiler. Gas and demo of bunsen burner drawing in air, and good combustion. Gas boilers - The Ascot system. Balanced flues. Night storage heaters - principle of operation shown. Thermostats - demo of bi-metal strip. Timers for setting heating. Insulation - double glazing. Television - This program starts with Hunkin cutting a TV set in half with a saw to show what's inside. Demonstrates how light interacts with electricity. Early history of valves is covered using archive. John Logie Baird's invention. EMI vs BBC technology in 1930's. The cathode ray tube and its phosphor coating is shown. High voltage applications are described and the care needed. He shows the effect of a magnet on an electron beam, and how the beam moves to build a picture. A model demonstrates this. How TVs have evolved over the years is portrayed using archive film. Safety issues with High tension. Colour TVs are explained - how mesh and phosphor work to make picture. Component electronics in a TV set are illustrated - resistor, capacitor, transistor, diode - what they do. Repairing a TV - easy faults/hard faults. The program ends with the reliability of modern electronics.
(about 100 minutes)
Washing Machine - Program starts with early history of clothes washing aids demonstrated by Hunkin to illustrate effect of water pressure and agitation. Archibe footage shows how industrial washing came first. Safety issues of water, heat & electricity - design challenges. Then came early home automatic machine designs. Concrete blocks were used to damp vibration during the spin cycle - Hunkin demonstrates what happens when taken out. Detailed explanation of a solenoid tap valve, and pressure switch to turn off when full (see picture). Water heater element construction and workings are shown. Spin Vs wringer for removing water demonstrations. Centrifuge demonstration. Use of water pump design ingenious - how it can pass buttons. Electromechanical timer Vs micro chip control. Vaccuum Cleaner - Hunkin doing what he loves starts this program - showing how early use of compressed air proved unsatisfactory for cleaning - blew the dust everywhere! Sucking through cloth was best - demo. Early industrial examples are shown with animation and archive film. Hoover invented domestic machine - it used a beater action plus suction. Then the cylinder type with internal bag was invented. Demonstration of variety of inventions - illustrating principle of suction. Demo of electromagnet as solenoid. Home made electric motor works to show principles. Pressure effect of air. Dirt bag operates by passing air - but trapping dirt particles. Demonstration. A fun program. Motor Car - This program is primarily about the car body shell and structure. Starting with history - take a bicycle and add an engine. Next Benz adds an engine to a tricycle. Initially wood was used for car frames. Henry Ford invented mass production in 1906. All-steel cars were produced in 1930s. Sheet steel on steel chassis. Demo - how you can cut steel plate with kitchen scissors. Pressed steel stronger - demo. Rounded shapes stronger. Demo of spot welding - box sections of steel plate - greater strength. Chassis frame with body dropped on top. Then chassis and frame made of box section plate - lighter. Citroen and Mini with front wheel drive. Amazing demo - engine and chassis separates from bodyComputer design body for aerodynamics. Straightening out accident bent car on jig. How stunt cars are made safe. Demo. Effect of rust. Start of bodies made of plastic and stainless steel. Finally a car is crushed into a cube at the wreckers. nternal Combustion Engine - This program starts with Hunkin introducing the idea of an explosion inside a cylinder. Archive film shows how crude oil led to the potential for fuel - led to petrol. Hunkin demo compares explosive power of gunpowder Vs petrol. Early Otto engine - principles explained. Suck, Push, Squash, Bang, Blow principle of combustion engine. Old Wolseley car - driver steps to start engine - like a push start. Oil used for lubrication. Demo - air sucking draws in petrol - carburettor to get the right mix. Petrol injection demo. Spark plug and coil demo - spark. Deisel engine explained by animation. Computer control of engines. 80 percent heat energy lost - inefficient. Demo - content of exhaust fumes. Catalytic convertors. Electric engines. The future of cars.
(about 100 minutes)
Quartz Watch - The program begins with Hunkin describing the workings of sundial and water clocks. He cuts open a quartz watch to show what's inside. Then explains the principle of old clockwork clock - pendulum and escapement. Animation shows how Galileo noticed pendulum swing was always the same duration. A demonstration shows how a quartz crystal moves regularly when electric current is applied. Quartz under pressure produces spark. Piezo electric effect. Hunkin compares a tuning fork with a quartz crystal vibration. Liquid crystal display explained. Demo of how liguid crystal works between two sheets of glass - polaroid used. A digital display of numbers 0, 1, 2 - 9 is made from 7 straight lines - demo. He shows how heat affects accuracy of quartz watch. And melts a quartz watch in the oven! Telephone - Hunkin rips a phone to pieces - shows how it's basically a microphone and an earpiece - demonstrates it working across a long wire. A demo shows that electricity flow causes a magnetic field. Archive film and animation are used to show morse code used for early messages. Demo of varying electric current moving a diaphragm - how varying mechanical movement creates varying electric current. Two speakers are connected in a simple demo - microphone to receiver demo. Experiment - carbon granules in a coffee jar lid. Mechanical telephone exchanges using electromechanical devices. Solid state switching experiment. Portable phones. Early cell phones are shown. Telephone technology has advanced amazingly in the last few years! Video Recorder - Hunkin opens the lid on a modern VCR. A demo shows how a steel strip can be magnetised. Hunkin uses the metal strip on a bandsaw - magnetises it in parts - then "plays" it back. He demonstrates an early invention - sound stored on moving wire. He shows that a Flight recorder - the black box - uses steel wire. Iron Oxide on sticky tape - experiment. Hunkin atually records sound onto it, and plays it back - like an old tape machine. Demonstrates a concentrated magnetic field. First video recorder - BBC 1956. Demo of how videotape signal is striped onto tape. Reel-to-reel tape becomes cassette tape. Picture and sound degrades with copying. Microchip electronics lead to miniaturisation. Difficulties with programmming video machines - recording a program when you're not at home! Radio Set - Hunkin's first demo in this program shows a huge aerial driving a radio with no batteries. Animation and demo shows how sparks and lightning make a radio crackle - receive. Hertz experiment, sparks make energy in air, cause spark nearby. Animation explains how Marconi experimented with aerial strung from kite. Demo using car ignition spark. Sparks give huge bandwidth - tuned circuit more focussed. Inductor - capacitor circuit explained. Oscilliscope picture of spark and wave. Morse code was easy in the early days - but not speech. Hunkin shows a radio controlled model demo. Oscilliscope demo of amplitude varied radio waves - demo - sound and voice. Animation of inventor. Inductors, valves, capacitors. Cat's whisker - diode. Evolution of radio set design. FM - Frequency Modulation - less affected by sparks. Patent contest leads to suicide of early inventor!
(about 100 minutes)
This video was added to our catalog on November 28, 2006 in Academic::Science: Physics & Engineering.
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